Great Expectations by Charles Dickens :: Great Expectations Essays

Great Expectations by Charles Dickens is the story of Pip, a young orphan who lives with his sister Mrs. Joe and his brother-in-law, Joe. Pip's life changes completely when he meets Miss. Havishman and the girl who lives with her, named Estella. After visiting them, Pip's greatest ambition is transforming himself in a gentleman to gain Estella's love although she acts coldly and contemptuously towards him. Throughout the story violence surrounds the characters and their lives. Violence takes many forms and is understood differently by different cultures. According to Oxford Dictionary violence is "a violent behaviour intended to hurt or kill somebody". This definition is mainly about physical violence, which is the most spread type of violence in western cultures. In Great Expectations, for instance, one night, after an argument with Mrs. Joe, Orlick, Joe's assistant, attacks her so violently that she becomes invalid. Another example of physical violence takes place in Mrs. Havishma n's Satis house when Pip first meets Herbert Pocket and they fight without any reason. Estella also treats Pip violently in physical and verbal ways when she slaps him and uses words like ?You little coarse monster? (page 77, Ch. 11) or ?You little wretch? (page 78, Ch. 11) in addressing to him. Other forms of violence are more difficult to identify but they can be as harmful as physical violence. In Great Expectations, characters mainly use psychological and emotional violence to hurt the others. First, Estella hurts Pip?s emotions and feelings when she rejects him and acts coldly. Estella?s violent behaviour can be explained by the way she was raised by Mrs. Havishman. It is known the idea of Mahatman Gandhi about violence as the fear of other people?s ideals. This definition characterizes the way in which some of the characters in Great Expectations behave. For example, the eccentric Mrs. Havishman was left by her fiancà © just before their wedding and that is why she wants to t ake revenge on men. Estella is Mrs. Havishman?s tool for her revenge. The old woman teaches Estella to feel contempt for men and break their heart. This example shows how violence is used psychologically by Mrs. Havishman who prevents Estella to fully demonstrate her feelings for Pip. Another instance of psychological violence is the way in which Mrs. Joe treats Pip. She blames him for having forced her to change her life since she had to take care of Pip when their parents died and she had to marry Joe. Great Expectations by Charles Dickens :: Great Expectations Essays Great Expectations by Charles Dickens is the story of Pip, a young orphan who lives with his sister Mrs. Joe and his brother-in-law, Joe. Pip's life changes completely when he meets Miss. Havishman and the girl who lives with her, named Estella. After visiting them, Pip's greatest ambition is transforming himself in a gentleman to gain Estella's love although she acts coldly and contemptuously towards him. Throughout the story violence surrounds the characters and their lives. Violence takes many forms and is understood differently by different cultures. According to Oxford Dictionary violence is "a violent behaviour intended to hurt or kill somebody". This definition is mainly about physical violence, which is the most spread type of violence in western cultures. In Great Expectations, for instance, one night, after an argument with Mrs. Joe, Orlick, Joe's assistant, attacks her so violently that she becomes invalid. Another example of physical violence takes place in Mrs. Havishma n's Satis house when Pip first meets Herbert Pocket and they fight without any reason. Estella also treats Pip violently in physical and verbal ways when she slaps him and uses words like ?You little coarse monster? (page 77, Ch. 11) or ?You little wretch? (page 78, Ch. 11) in addressing to him. Other forms of violence are more difficult to identify but they can be as harmful as physical violence. In Great Expectations, characters mainly use psychological and emotional violence to hurt the others. First, Estella hurts Pip?s emotions and feelings when she rejects him and acts coldly. Estella?s violent behaviour can be explained by the way she was raised by Mrs. Havishman. It is known the idea of Mahatman Gandhi about violence as the fear of other people?s ideals. This definition characterizes the way in which some of the characters in Great Expectations behave. For example, the eccentric Mrs. Havishman was left by her fiancà © just before their wedding and that is why she wants to t ake revenge on men. Estella is Mrs. Havishman?s tool for her revenge. The old woman teaches Estella to feel contempt for men and break their heart. This example shows how violence is used psychologically by Mrs. Havishman who prevents Estella to fully demonstrate her feelings for Pip. Another instance of psychological violence is the way in which Mrs. Joe treats Pip. She blames him for having forced her to change her life since she had to take care of Pip when their parents died and she had to marry Joe.

Problems of Unemployment in India Essay

India as a nation is faced with massive problem of unemployment. Unemployment can be defined as a state of worklessness for a man fit and willing to work. It is a condition of involuntary and not voluntary idleness. Some features of unemployment have been identified as follows: 1.The incidence of unemployment is much higher in urban areas than in rural areas. 2.Unemployment rates for women are higher than those for men. 3.The incidence of unemployment among the educated is much higher than the overall unemployment. 4.There is greater unemployment in agricultural sector than in industrial and other major sectors. Economists and social thinkers have classified unemployment into various types. Generally unemployment can be classified in two types: (1) Voluntary unemployment In this type of unemployment a person is out of job of his own desire doesn’t work on the prevalent or prescribed wages. Either he wants higher wages or doesn’t want to work at all. It is in fact social problem leading to social disorganization. Social problems and forces such as a revolution, a social upheaval, a class struggle, a financial or economic crisis a war between nations, mental illness, political corruption mounting unemployment and crime etc. threaten the smooth working of society. Social values are often regarded as the sustaining forces of society. They contribute to the strength and stability of social order. But due to rapid social change new values come up and some of the old values decline. At the same time, people are not is a position to reject the old completely and accept the new altogether. Here, conflict between the old and the new is the inevitable result which leads to the social disorganization in imposed situation. In economic terminology th is situation is voluntary unemployment. (2) In voluntary unemployment In this type of situation the person who is unemployed has no say in the matter. It means that a person is separated from remunerative work and devoid of wages although he is capable of earning his wages and is also anxious to earn them. Forms and types of unemployment according to Hock are. a.Cyclical unemployment – This is the result of the trade cycle which is a part of the capitalist system. In such a system, there is greater unemployment and when there is depression a large number of people are rendered unemployed. Since such an economic crisis is the result of trade cycle, the unemployment is a part of it. b.Sudden unemployment – When at the place where workers have been employed there is some change, a large number of persons are unemployed. It all happens in the industries, trades and business where people are employed for a job and suddenly when the job has ended they are asked to go. c.Unemployment caused by failure of Industries – In many cases, a business a factory or an industry has to close down. There may be various factors responsible for it there may be dispute amongst the partners, the business may give huge loss or the business may not turn out to be useful and so on. d.Unemployment caused by deterioration in Industry and business – In various industries, trades or business, sometimes, there is deterioration. This deterioration may be due to various factors. In efficiency of the employers, keen competitions less profit etc. are some of the factors responsible for deterioration in the industry and the business. e.Seasonal unemployment – Certain industries and traders engage workers for a particular season. When the season has ended the workers are rendered unemployed. Sugar industry is an example of this type of seasonal unemployment. The problem of unemployment has becoming a colossal. Various problems have caused this problem. There are individual factors like age, vocational unfitness and physical disabilities which restrict the people. External factors include technological and economic factors. There is enormous increase in the population. Every year India adds to her population afresh. More than this every year about 5 million people become eligible for securing jobs. Business field is subject to ups and downs of trade cycle and globalization. Economic depression or sick industries are often close down compelling their employees to become unemployed. Technological advancement contributes to economic development .But unplanned and uncontrolled growth of technology is causing havoc on job opportunities. The computerization and automation has led to technological unemployment. Strikes and lockouts have become inseparable aspect of the industrial world today. Due to these industries often face economic loses and production comes down. Since workers do not get any salary or wages during the strike period they suffer from economic hardships. They become permanently or temporarily unemployed. Today young people are not ready to take jobs which are considered to be socially degrading or lowly. Our educational system has its own irreparable defects and its contribution to the unemployment is an open truth.Our education does not prepare the minds of young generation to become self-employed on the contrary it makes them dependent on government vacancies which are hard to come. Our State right from the beginning of Five year plans has introduced several employment generating schemes and programmes over the years but in the absence of proper implementation and monitoring have failed to achieve the required targets. Recently UPA Government has come up with Rural Employment Guarantee program which aims to provide minimum days of employment to people living in the villages. This is a laudable programme if implemented sincerely because it will provide employment to people during natural calamities like drought, floods etc. The remedial measures for reducing unemployment may lay greater emphasis on creation of opportunities for self -employment, augmentation of productivity and income levels of the working poor, shift in emphasis from creation of relief type of employment to the building up of durable productive assets in the rural areas and instead of attempting to revert somewhat to protectionist policies the pace of privatization may be accelerated.

Abortion The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy

According to the Oxford dictionary, abortion is â€Å"the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks.† In 1973, Roe v. Wade, a major court case, made abortion legal after it was illegal. Justice Harry Blackmun ruled that abortion was supported under the United States Constitution and it violated the first, fourth, ninth, and fourteenth amendments, which all discuss privacy (pbs.org). No country should recognize abortion as a legal act because it is murder, medically dangerous, leaves psychological scars, and adoption is an alternative. There is a type of procedure for abortion. According to the American Pregnancy Association, dilation and evacuation (D and E) is a surgical procedure where the doctor uses forceps to grab and twist the active baby’s limb away. After all the limbs are torn away, the skull must be crushed with forceps and dragged out. This specific procedure is simply execution; it is killing the small human being inside of a woman. Not only is abortion a physical murder, it is also taking away God’s blessing. According to the Bible, God says babies are beautiful blessings from him (Psalm 127:3-5). Abortion is also considered murder because approximately three weeks into conception, the fetus has a heartbeat (ehd.org). With that being said, anything or anyone that has a heartbeat and is forcibly removed is murder. Not only is abortion murder, it is also medically dangerous. One way it is medically dangerous isShow MoreRelatedAbortion, â€Å"The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy,1379 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion, â€Å"the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of a pregnancy†. Abortion may be one of the most personal decision one has to make; however, it is widely talked about. While, there are two sides to this agreement. The first, being that a fetus is a human; therefore, abortion is murder. On the othe r hand, it is the women’s body, so what she wants to do is her choice. However, no matter what your personal opinion is, nobody should have a sayRead MoreAbortion Is The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy2966 Words   |  12 PagesAbortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most commonly performed during the first seven months of pregnancy (Merriam-Webster.) It is often regarded as a taboo subject because of its political and religious inclination. Though it is considered distasteful to talk about, abortions are still an ongoing event in the world around us. Many people choose to believe that this is a new subject of interest, but really abortions have taken place for thousands of years. As of late, they haveRead MoreAbortion : The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy1454 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion: the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. An abortion that occurs spontan eously is also known as a miscarriage. If a abortion is cause purposely it is known as induced abortion or less frequently called induced miscarriage. It can be very dangerous and cause very severe pain. The parent can choose between a surgical or medical abortion in the first couple weeks of the pregnancy. Many people do not know but a baby’s lifeRead MoreAbortion Is The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy874 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"God would not approve of abortions!† â€Å"If a woman has an abortion, she is a MURDERER.† â€Å"Why get pregnant if you do not plan to keep the baby?† â€Å"Abortions are dangerous. You are killing a child!† In our society, abortion is one the most controversial debated topics today. What is abortion? Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy. Pro-life activists believe in a woman should not have an abortion due to reasons such as religion, in the eyes of God, or â€Å"the killing† of a fetus.Read MoreAbortion Is The Deliberate Termination Of A Human Pregnancy Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Abortion? Well abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy, although it may be done in the third trimester. Third trimester abortion is illegal in many countries. Many things come along with this procedure Psychologically and physically. This is a big choice to make in life. Many people are against abortion, and many are all for it. Personally I am against it, but we are not here to discuss my personal beliefs. EveryRead MoreAbortion: The Deliberate Termination of a Human Pregnancy Essay exam ple762 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Abortion? Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy. Or a more political way of describing abortion is, the intentional termination of a pregnancy after conception. Giving women the right to conscientiously put an end to their pregnancies, in essence, is allowing them to kill the undeveloped embryo (fetus), which makes it a very controversial subject in American politics. I disagree with abortion. I think that no matter when you terminate, it is still killing a possibleRead MoreThe Right And Life Of Abortion1246 Words   |  5 PagesSender. Abortion is defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary as â€Å"the deliberate termination of a pregnancy and is most often preformed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy.† Beginning early on in history, abortions were viable solutions for immigrants, as their pregnancy rates were higher than the natives of an area or region. As timed passed, laws on abortion began to create a war on the separation of Church and State. These issues have yet to suppress. The Catholic Church defines abortions as â€Å"theRead MoreUnder What Circumstances is Abortion Acceptable? Essay541 Words   |  3 PagesAbortion by google definition is a deliberate termination of ta human pregnancy. This, in fact, is a termination of a human life and should be deemed as murder. Abortion is a severely understated reality of the disregar d and disrespect of human life. I believe that every human life should be treasured and respected, I feel abortion diminishes the meaning of life. There is a clear indication in science that like begins at conception. The fusion of the zygote is where human life beings, each zygoteRead MoreAbortion Is Not Forbidden Within The Bible1393 Words   |  6 PagesIt is estimated almost half of pregnancies in Australia are unplanned . Unexpected pregnancies happen for various individual, social, economic and political reasons . The World Health Organisation (WHO) approximates one in three women in Australia will an abortion procedure in their life . Abortion data is only gathered by South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory. However, South Australia is the only state to publish data and report findings annually. Religion vs EthnicityRead MoreThe Termination Of A Life845 Words   |  4 PagesTermination of a life is a very disputable issue that one could stimulate an enormous amount of emotions on both sides of the fence. Many that are against women having an abortion would call it murder, and condemn the woman for playing God. The fact of someone taking life in their own hands, of judging who lives and who dies is unacceptable is one side of the disagreement. The other side is the pregnancy dangerous for the mother or the child to come to full term, this constitutes a medical emergency